Geography : Universe (Prelim MCQ & Mains Question)

Which theory explains the origin of the universe as a massive explosion?

• A) Steady State Theory
• B) Big Bang Theory
• C) Pulsating Universe Theory
• D) String Theory

Who proposed the Big Bang Theory?

• A) Edwin Hubble
• B) Albert Einstein
• C) Georges Lemaître
• D) Isaac Newton

What is the approximate age of the universe according to the Big Bang Theory?

• A) 4.5 billion years
• B) 10 billion years
• C) 13.8 billion years
• D) 20 billion years

Which of the following is the largest galaxy in our local group?

• A) Milky Way
• B) Andromeda
• C) Triangulum
• D) Sombrero

What is a black hole?

• A) A star with very low surface temperature
• B) A contracted star with intense gravitational pull
• C) A star with no atmosphere
• D) A pulsating star

Which shift in light indicates that the universe is expanding?

• A) Blue shift
• B) Red shift
• C) Green shift
• D) Yellow shift

What is the name of the first molecule formed in the universe after the Big Bang?

• A) Helium Hydride
• B) Aluminium monofluoride
• C) Silicon Carbonitride
• D) Isocyanogen

Which of the following is known as the ‘Watery Planet’?

• A) Mercury
• B) Earth
• C) Mars
• D) Jupiter

Who discovered the laws of planetary orbits?

• A) Galileo Galilei
• B) Nicholas Copernicus
• C) Johannes Kepler
• D) Isaac Newton

Which planet is known as the ‘Morning Star’?

• A) Mercury
• B) Venus
• C) Mars
• D) Jupiter

ANSWER:

B) Big Bang Theory

C) Georges Lemaître

C) 13.8 billion years

B) Andromeda

B) A contracted star with intense gravitational pull

B) Red shift

A) Helium Hydride

B) Earth

C) Johannes Kepler

B) Venus

Discuss the Big Bang Theory and its significance in understanding the origin and evolution of the universe.

• Approach: Explain the Big Bang Theory, its key features, and evidence supporting it. Discuss its significance in cosmology and how it has shaped our understanding of the universe’s origin and evolution.

Explain the concept of dark matter and dark energy. How do they influence the structure and expansion of the universe?

• Approach: Define dark matter and dark energy. Discuss their roles in the universe’s structure and expansion, including their effects on galaxies and the overall dynamics of the cosmos.

Describe the lifecycle of a star. How do different stages of stellar evolution contribute to the formation of elements in the universe?

• Approach: Outline the stages of stellar evolution from nebula to supernova. Explain nucleosynthesis and how different elements are formed during various stages of a star’s life.

What is the significance of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation in cosmology? Discuss the information it provides about the early universe.

• Approach: Explain what CMB radiation is and its discovery. Discuss its significance in cosmology and the insights it provides about the conditions of the early universe.

Analyze the role of space telescopes and observatories in advancing our understanding of the universe. Provide examples of significant discoveries made by these instruments.

• Approach: Discuss the importance of space telescopes and observatories. Provide examples of key discoveries, such as those made by the Hubble Space Telescope, and their impact on our knowledge of the universe.

Evaluate the impact of gravitational waves on our understanding of the universe. How have recent discoveries in this field contributed to cosmology?

• Approach: Explain what gravitational waves are and their significance. Discuss recent discoveries, such as those by LIGO, and their contributions to our understanding of cosmic events and the universe’s structure.

Discuss the concept of multiverse theory. What are the scientific arguments for and against the existence of multiple universes?

• Approach: Define the multiverse theory and its different models. Discuss the scientific evidence supporting and opposing the theory, and the implications of the existence of multiple universes.